Model Overview
Model Features
Model Capabilities
Use Cases
🚀 Qwen2.5-7B-Instruct GGUF Models
This project focuses on the Qwen2.5-7B-Instruct GGUF models, featuring ultra-low-bit quantization techniques. Our latest quantization method enhances the performance of ultra-low-bit models (1 - 2 bit), with proven improvements on Llama-3-8B.
✨ Features
Ultra-Low-Bit Quantization with IQ-DynamicGate (1 - 2 bit)
- Precision - Adaptive Quantization: Our latest method introduces precision - adaptive quantization for ultra - low - bit models (1 - 2 bit). It uses layer - specific strategies to preserve accuracy while maintaining extreme memory efficiency.
- Benchmark - Proven Improvements: All tests were conducted on Llama - 3 - 8B - Instruct using a standard perplexity evaluation pipeline, a 2048 - token context window, and the same prompt set across all quantizations.
- Dynamic Precision Allocation: The first/last 25% of layers use IQ4_XS (selected layers), and the middle 50% use IQ2_XXS/IQ3_S to increase efficiency.
- Critical Component Protection: Embeddings/output layers use Q5_K, reducing error propagation by 38% compared to standard 1 - 2 bit quantization.
Quantization Performance Comparison (Llama - 3 - 8B)
Quantization | Standard PPL | DynamicGate PPL | Δ PPL | Std Size | DG Size | Δ Size | Std Speed | DG Speed |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
IQ2_XXS | 11.30 | 9.84 | -12.9% | 2.5G | 2.6G | +0.1G | 234s | 246s |
IQ2_XS | 11.72 | 11.63 | -0.8% | 2.7G | 2.8G | +0.1G | 242s | 246s |
IQ2_S | 14.31 | 9.02 | -36.9% | 2.7G | 2.9G | +0.2G | 238s | 244s |
IQ1_M | 27.46 | 15.41 | -43.9% | 2.2G | 2.5G | +0.3G | 206s | 212s |
IQ1_S | 53.07 | 32.00 | -39.7% | 2.1G | 2.4G | +0.3G | 184s | 209s |
Key Improvements
- 🔥 IQ1_M shows a massive 43.9% perplexity reduction (27.46 → 15.41).
- 🚀 IQ2_S cuts perplexity by 36.9% while adding only 0.2GB.
- ⚡ IQ1_S maintains 39.7% better accuracy despite 1 - bit quantization.
Trade - offs
- All variants have modest size increases (0.1 - 0.3GB).
- Inference speeds remain comparable (<5% difference).
When to Use These Models
- 📌 Fitting models into GPU VRAM
- ✔ Memory - constrained deployments
- ✔ Cpu and Edge Devices where 1 - 2 bit errors can be tolerated
- ✔ Research into ultra - low - bit quantization
📦 Choosing the Right Model Format
Selecting the correct model format depends on your hardware capabilities and memory constraints.
BF16 (Brain Float 16) – Use if BF16 acceleration is available
- A 16 - bit floating - point format designed for faster computation while retaining good precision.
- Provides similar dynamic range as FP32 but with lower memory usage.
- Recommended if your hardware supports BF16 acceleration (check your device's specs).
- Ideal for high - performance inference with reduced memory footprint compared to FP32.
F16 (Float 16) – More widely supported than BF16
- A 16 - bit floating - point format with high precision but a smaller range of values than BF16.
- Works on most devices with FP16 acceleration support (including many GPUs and some CPUs).
- Slightly lower numerical precision than BF16 but generally sufficient for inference.
Quantized Models (Q4_K, Q6_K, Q8, etc.) – For CPU & Low - VRAM Inference
Quantization reduces model size and memory usage while maintaining as much accuracy as possible.
- Lower - bit models (Q4_K) → Best for minimal memory usage, may have lower precision.
- Higher - bit models (Q6_K, Q8_0) → Better accuracy, requires more memory.
Very Low - Bit Quantization (IQ3_XS, IQ3_S, IQ3_M, Q4_K, Q4_0)
These models are optimized for extreme memory efficiency, making them ideal for low - power devices or large - scale deployments where memory is a critical constraint.
Summary Table: Model Format Selection
Model Format | Precision | Memory Usage | Device Requirements | Best Use Case |
---|---|---|---|---|
BF16 | Highest | High | BF16 - supported GPU/CPUs | High - speed inference with reduced memory |
F16 | High | High | FP16 - supported devices | GPU inference when BF16 isn't available |
Q4_K | Medium Low | Low | CPU or Low - VRAM devices | Best for memory - constrained environments |
Q6_K | Medium | Moderate | CPU with more memory | Better accuracy while still being quantized |
Q8_0 | High | Moderate | CPU or GPU with enough VRAM | Best accuracy among quantized models |
IQ3_XS | Very Low | Very Low | Ultra - low - memory devices | Extreme memory efficiency and low accuracy |
Q4_0 | Low | Low | ARM or low - memory devices | llama.cpp can optimize for ARM devices |
📚 Included Files & Details
Qwen2.5-7B-Instruct-bf16.gguf
- Model weights preserved in BF16.
- Use this if you want to requantize the model into a different format.
- Best if your device supports BF16 acceleration.
Qwen2.5-7B-Instruct-f16.gguf
- Model weights stored in F16.
- Use if your device supports FP16, especially if BF16 is not available.
Qwen2.5-7B-Instruct-bf16-q8_0.gguf
- Output & embeddings remain in BF16.
- All other layers quantized to Q8_0.
- Use if your device supports BF16 and you want a quantized version.
Qwen2.5-7B-Instruct-f16-q8_0.gguf
- Output & embeddings remain in F16.
- All other layers quantized to Q8_0.
Qwen2.5-7B-Instruct-q4_k.gguf
- Output & embeddings quantized to Q8_0.
- All other layers quantized to Q4_K.
- Good for CPU inference with limited memory.
Qwen2.5-7B-Instruct-q4_k_s.gguf
- Smallest Q4_K variant, using less memory at the cost of accuracy.
- Best for very low - memory setups.
Qwen2.5-7B-Instruct-q6_k.gguf
- Output & embeddings quantized to Q8_0.
- All other layers quantized to Q6_K.
Qwen2.5-7B-Instruct-q8_0.gguf
- Fully Q8 quantized model for better accuracy.
- Requires more memory but offers higher precision.
Qwen2.5-7B-Instruct-iq3_xs.gguf
- IQ3_XS quantization, optimized for extreme memory efficiency.
- Best for ultra - low - memory devices.
Qwen2.5-7B-Instruct-iq3_m.gguf
- IQ3_M quantization, offering a medium block size for better accuracy.
- Suitable for low - memory devices.
Qwen2.5-7B-Instruct-q4_0.gguf
- Pure Q4_0 quantization, optimized for ARM devices.
- Best for low - memory environments.
- Prefer IQ4_NL for better accuracy.
🚀 If you find these models useful
- ❤ Please click "Like" if you find this useful!
- Help me test my AI - Powered Network Monitor Assistant with quantum - ready security checks:
How to test
- Click the chat icon (bottom right on any page)
- Choose an AI assistant type:
TurboLLM
(GPT - 4 - mini)FreeLLM
(Open - source)TestLLM
(Experimental CPU - only)
What I’m Testing
I’m pushing the limits of small open - source models for AI network monitoring, specifically:
- Function calling against live network services
- How small can a model go while still handling:
- Automated Nmap scans
- Quantum - readiness checks
- Metasploit integration
Other Assistants
-
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- Real - time network diagnostics
- Automated penetration testing (Nmap/Metasploit)
- 🔑 Get more tokens by downloading our Free Network Monitor Agent
-
🔵 HugLLM – Open - source models (≈8B params):
- 2x more tokens than TurboLLM
- AI - powered log analysis
- 🌐 Runs on Hugging Face Inference API
💡 Example AI Commands to Test
"Give me info on my websites SSL certificate"
"Check if my server is using quantum safe encyption for communication"
"Run a quick Nmap vulnerability test"
📚 Qwen2.5 - 7B - Instruct
Qwen2.5 is the latest series of Qwen large language models. For Qwen2.5, we release a number of base language models and instruction - tuned language models ranging from 0.5 to 72 billion parameters. Qwen2.5 brings the following improvements upon Qwen2:
- Significantly more knowledge and has greatly improved capabilities in coding and mathematics, thanks to our specialized expert models in these domains.
- Significant improvements in instruction following, generating long texts (over 8K tokens), understanding structured data (e.g, tables), and generating structured outputs especially JSON. More resilient to the diversity of system prompts, enhancing role - play implementation and condition - setting for chatbots.
- Long - context Support up to 128K tokens and can generate up to 8K tokens.
- Multilingual support for over 29 languages, including Chinese, English, French, Spanish, Portuguese, German, Italian, Russian, Japanese, Korean, Vietnamese, Thai, Arabic, and more.
Model Information
Property | Details |
---|---|
Model Type | Causal Language Models |
Training Stage | Pretraining & Post - training |
Architecture | transformers with RoPE, SwiGLU, RMSNorm, and Attention QKV bias |
Number of Parameters | 7.61B |
Number of Paramaters (Non - Embedding) | 6.53B |
Number of Layers | 28 |
Number of Attention Heads (GQA) | 28 for Q and 4 for KV |
Context Length | Full 131,072 tokens and generation 8192 tokens |
License
This project is licensed under the Apache - 2.0 license.

