Byt5 Small

🚀 ByT5 - Small

ByT5 is a tokenizer-free version of Google's T5, generally following the architecture of MT5. It offers a solution for processing text without the need for a tokenizer, which is beneficial for handling various languages and noisy text data.

📋 Information Table

🚀 Quick Start

ByT5 was only pre-trained on mC4 excluding any supervised training with an average span-mask of 20 UTF-8 characters. Therefore, this model has to be fine-tuned before it is useable on a downstream task.

✨ Features

• Tokenizer-free: ByT5 operates directly on raw UTF-8 bytes, eliminating the need for a tokenizer.
• Multilingual Support: It supports a wide range of languages, making it suitable for multilingual tasks.
• Robust to Noisy Data: ByT5 works especially well on noisy text data. For example, google/byt5-small significantly outperforms mt5-small on TweetQA.

💻 Usage Examples

Basic Usage

ByT5 works on raw UTF-8 bytes and can be used without a tokenizer:

from transformers import T5ForConditionalGeneration
import torch

model = T5ForConditionalGeneration.from_pretrained('google/byt5-small')

input_ids = torch.tensor([list("Life is like a box of chocolates.".encode("utf-8"))]) + 3  # add 3 for special tokens
labels = torch.tensor([list("La vie est comme une boîte de chocolat.".encode("utf-8"))]) + 3  # add 3 for special tokens

loss = model(input_ids, labels=labels).loss # forward pass

Advanced Usage

For batched inference & training it is however recommended using a tokenizer class for padding:

from transformers import T5ForConditionalGeneration, AutoTokenizer

model = T5ForConditionalGeneration.from_pretrained('google/byt5-small')
tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained('google/byt5-small')

model_inputs = tokenizer(["Life is like a box of chocolates.", "Today is Monday."], padding="longest", return_tensors="pt")
labels = tokenizer(["La vie est comme une boîte de chocolat.", "Aujourd'hui c'est lundi."], padding="longest", return_tensors="pt").input_ids

loss = model(**model_inputs, labels=labels).loss # forward pass

📚 Documentation

Paper

ByT5: Towards a token-free future with pre-trained byte-to-byte models

Authors

Linting Xue, Aditya Barua, Noah Constant, Rami Al-Rfou, Sharan Narang, Mihir Kale, Adam Roberts, Colin Raffel

Abstract

Most widely-used pre-trained language models operate on sequences of tokens corresponding to word or subword units. Encoding text as a sequence of tokens requires a tokenizer, which is typically created as an independent artifact from the model. Token-free models that instead operate directly on raw text (bytes or characters) have many benefits: they can process text in any language out of the box, they are more robust to noise, and they minimize technical debt by removing complex and error-prone text preprocessing pipelines. In this paper, we show that a standard Transformer architecture can be used with minimal modifications to process byte sequences. We carefully characterize the trade-offs in terms of parameter count, training FLOPs, and inference speed, and show that byte-level models are competitive with their token-level counterparts. We also demonstrate that byte-level models are significantly more robust to noise and perform better on tasks that are sensitive to spelling and pronunciation. As part of our contribution, we release a new set of pre-trained byte-level Transformer models based on the T5 architecture, as well as all code and data used in our experiments.

📄 License

This project is licensed under the apache-2.0 license.