đ Google Pegasus-XSum Model
A powerful model for text summarization, offering high - performance results on multiple datasets.
đ Documentation
đĨ Authors and Maintainer
- Authors: Jingqing Zhang, Yao Zhao, Mohammad Saleh and Peter J. Liu on Dec 18, 2019
- Maintained by: @sshleifer
đ¯ Task
The model is designed for the task of Summarization.
đ Model Results
Property |
Details |
Model Name |
google/pegasus-xsum |
Task Type |
Summarization |
Results on samsum (train split) |
- ROUGE - 1: 21.8096
- ROUGE - 2: 4.2525
- ROUGE - L: 17.4469
- ROUGE - LSUM: 18.8907
- loss: 3.0317161083221436
- gen_len: 20.3122
|
Results on xsum (test split) |
- ROUGE - 1: 46.8623
- ROUGE - 2: 24.4533
- ROUGE - L: 39.0548
- ROUGE - LSUM: 39.0994
- loss: 1.5717021226882935
- gen_len: 22.8821
|
Results on cnn_dailymail (test split) |
- ROUGE - 1: 22.2062
- ROUGE - 2: 7.6701
- ROUGE - L: 15.4046
- ROUGE - LSUM: 19.2182
- loss: 2.681241273880005
- gen_len: 25.0234
|
đ Mixed & Stochastic Checkpoints
We train a pegasus model with sampled gap sentence ratios on both C4 and HugeNews, and stochastically sample important sentences. The updated results are reported in this table.
dataset |
C4 |
HugeNews |
Mixed & Stochastic |
xsum |
45.20/22.06/36.99 |
47.21/24.56/39.25 |
47.60/24.83/39.64 |
cnn_dailymail |
43.90/21.20/40.76 |
44.17/21.47/41.11 |
44.16/21.56/41.30 |
newsroom |
45.07/33.39/41.28 |
45.15/33.51/41.33 |
45.98/34.20/42.18 |
multi_news |
46.74/17.95/24.26 |
47.52/18.72/24.91 |
47.65/18.75/24.95 |
gigaword |
38.75/19.96/36.14 |
39.12/19.86/36.24 |
39.65/20.47/36.76 |
wikihow |
43.07/19.70/34.79 |
41.35/18.51/33.42 |
46.39/22.12/38.41 * |
reddit_tifu |
26.54/8.94/21.64 |
26.63/9.01/21.60 |
27.99/9.81/22.94 |
big_patent |
53.63/33.16/42.25 |
53.41/32.89/42.07 |
52.29/33.08/41.66 * |
arxiv |
44.70/17.27/25.80 |
44.67/17.18/25.73 |
44.21/16.95/25.67 |
pubmed |
45.49/19.90/27.69 |
45.09/19.56/27.42 |
45.97/20.15/28.25 |
aeslc |
37.69/21.85/36.84 |
37.40/21.22/36.45 |
37.68/21.25/36.51 |
billsum |
57.20/39.56/45.80 |
57.31/40.19/45.82 |
59.67/41.58/47.59 |
Changes in the "Mixed & Stochastic" Model
- Trained on both C4 and HugeNews (dataset mixture is weighted by their number of examples).
- Trained for 1.5M instead of 500k (we observe slower convergence on pretraining perplexity).
- The model uniformly samples a gap sentence ratio between 15% and 45%.
- Importance sentences are sampled using a 20% uniform noise to importance scores.
- The sentencepiece tokenizer is updated to be able to encode newline character.
â ī¸ Important Note
(*) the numbers of wikihow and big_patent datasets are not comparable because of change in tokenization and data:
- The wikihow dataset contains newline characters which is useful for paragraph segmentation, the C4 and HugeNews model's sentencepiece tokenizer doesn't encode newline and loses this information.
- We update the BigPatent dataset to preserve casing, some format cleanings are also changed, please refer to change in TFDS.
đ Citation
@misc{zhang2019pegasus,
title={PEGASUS: Pre-training with Extracted Gap-sentences for Abstractive Summarization},
author={Jingqing Zhang and Yao Zhao and Mohammad Saleh and Peter J. Liu},
year={2019},
eprint={1912.08777},
archivePrefix={arXiv},
primaryClass={cs.CL}
}