Paligemma 3b Ft Nlvr2 448

🚀 PaliGemma model card

PaliGemma is a vision - language model that takes both images and text as input and generates text output. It's fine - tuned on the NLVR2 dataset and has various applications in vision - language tasks.

Model page: PaliGemma

Transformers PaliGemma 3B weights, fine - tuned with 448*448 input images on the NLVR2 dataset. The models are available in float32, bfloat16 and float16 format for research purposes only. The fine - tune config is available at big_vision.

Resources and technical documentation:

• Responsible Generative AI Toolkit
• PaliGemma on Kaggle
• PaliGemma on Vertex Model Garden

Terms of Use: Terms

Authors: Google

✨ Features

Model information

Model summary

Description

PaliGemma is a versatile and lightweight vision - language model (VLM) inspired by PaLI - 3 and based on open components such as the SigLIP vision model and the Gemma language model. It takes both image and text as input and generates text as output, supporting multiple languages. It is designed for class - leading fine - tune performance on a wide range of vision - language tasks such as image and short video caption, visual question answering, text reading, object detection and object segmentation.

Model architecture

PaliGemma is the composition of a Transformer decoder and a Vision Transformer image encoder, with a total of 3 billion params. The text decoder is initialized from Gemma - 2B. The image encoder is initialized from SigLIP - So400m/14. PaliGemma is trained following the PaLI - 3 recipes.

Inputs and outputs

• Input: Image and text string, such as a prompt to caption the image, or a question.
• Output: Generated text in response to the input, such as a caption of the image, an answer to a question, a list of object bounding box coordinates, or segmentation codewords.

Model data

Pre - train datasets

PaliGemma is pre - trained on the following mixture of datasets:

• WebLI: WebLI (Web Language Image) is a web - scale multilingual image - text dataset built from the public web. A wide range of WebLI splits are used to acquire versatile model capabilities, such as visual semantic understanding, object localization, visually - situated text understanding, multilinguality, etc.
• CC3M - 35L: Curated English image - alt_text pairs from webpages (Sharma et al., 2018). We used the Google Cloud Translation API to translate into 34 additional languages.
• VQ²A - CC3M - 35L/VQG - CC3M - 35L: A subset of VQ2A - CC3M (Changpinyo et al., 2022a), translated into the same additional 34 languages as CC3M - 35L, using the Google Cloud Translation API.
• OpenImages: Detection and object - aware questions and answers (Piergiovanni et al. 2022) generated by handcrafted rules on the OpenImages dataset.
• WIT: Images and texts collected from Wikipedia (Srinivasan et al., 2021).

Data responsibility filtering

The following filters are applied to WebLI, with the goal of training PaliGemma on clean data:

• Pornographic image filtering: This filter removes images deemed to be of pornographic nature.
• Text safety filtering: We identify and filter out images that are paired with unsafe text. Unsafe text is any text deemed to contain or be about CSAI, pornography, vulgarities, or otherwise offensive.
• Text toxicity filtering: We further use the Perspective API to identify and filter out images that are paired with text deemed insulting, obscene, hateful or otherwise toxic.
• Text personal information filtering: We filtered certain personal information and other sensitive data using Cloud Data Loss Prevention (DLP) API to protect the privacy of individuals. Identifiers such as social security numbers and other sensitive information types were removed.
• Additional methods: Filtering based on content quality and safety in line with our policies and practices.

📦 Installation

No specific installation steps provided in the original README.

💻 Usage Examples

Basic Usage

PaliGemma is a single - turn vision language model not meant for conversational use, and it works best when fine - tuning to a specific use case.

You can configure which task the model will solve by conditioning it with task prefixes, such as “detect” or “segment”. The pretrained models were trained in this fashion to imbue them with a rich set of capabilities (question answering, captioning, segmentation, etc.). However, they are not designed to be used directly, but to be transferred (by fine - tuning) to specific tasks using a similar prompt structure. For interactive testing, you can use the "mix" family of models, which have been fine - tuned on a mixture of tasks.

Please, refer to the usage and limitations section for intended use cases, or visit the blog post for additional details and examples.

Advanced Usage

Use in Transformers

The following snippets use model google/paligemma-3b-mix-224 for reference purposes. The model in this repo you are now browsing may have been trained for other tasks, please make sure you use appropriate inputs for the task at hand.

Running the default precision (float32) on CPU

from transformers import AutoProcessor, PaliGemmaForConditionalGeneration
from PIL import Image
import requests
import torch

model_id = "google/paligemma-3b-mix-224"

url = "https://huggingface.co/datasets/huggingface/documentation-images/resolve/main/transformers/tasks/car.jpg?download=true"
image = Image.open(requests.get(url, stream=True).raw)

model = PaliGemmaForConditionalGeneration.from_pretrained(model_id).eval()
processor = AutoProcessor.from_pretrained(model_id)

# Instruct the model to create a caption in Spanish
prompt = "caption es"
model_inputs = processor(text=prompt, images=image, return_tensors="pt")
input_len = model_inputs["input_ids"].shape[-1]

with torch.inference_mode():
    generation = model.generate(**model_inputs, max_new_tokens=100, do_sample=False)
    generation = generation[0][input_len:]
    decoded = processor.decode(generation, skip_special_tokens=True)
    print(decoded)

Output: Un auto azul estacionado frente a un edificio.

Running other precisions on CUDA

For convenience, the repos contain revisions of the weights already converted to bfloat16 and float16, so you can use them to reduce the download size and avoid casting on your local computer.

This is how you'd run bfloat16 on an nvidia CUDA card.

from transformers import AutoProcessor, PaliGemmaForConditionalGeneration
from PIL import Image
import requests
import torch

model_id = "google/paligemma-3b-mix-224"
device = "cuda:0"
dtype = torch.bfloat16

url = "https://huggingface.co/datasets/huggingface/documentation-images/resolve/main/transformers/tasks/car.jpg?download=true"
image = Image.open(requests.get(url, stream=True).raw)

model = PaliGemmaForConditionalGeneration.from_pretrained(
    model_id,
    torch_dtype=dtype,
    device_map=device,
    revision="bfloat16",
).eval()
processor = AutoProcessor.from_pretrained(model_id)

# Instruct the model to create a caption in Spanish
prompt = "caption es"
model_inputs = processor(text=prompt, images=image, return_tensors="pt").to(model.device)
input_len = model_inputs["input_ids"].shape[-1]

with torch.inference_mode():
    generation = model.generate(**model_inputs, max_new_tokens=100, do_sample=False)
    generation = generation[0][input_len:]
    decoded = processor.decode(generation, skip_special_tokens=True)
    print(decoded)

Loading in 4 - bit / 8 - bit

You need to install bitsandbytes to automatically run inference using 8 - bit or 4 - bit precision:

pip install bitsandbytes accelerate

from transformers import AutoProcessor, PaliGemmaForConditionalGeneration
from PIL import Image
import requests
import torch

model_id = "google/paligemma-3b-mix-224"
device = "cuda:0"
dtype = torch.bfloat16

url = "https://huggingface.co/datasets/huggingface/documentation-images/resolve/main/transformers/tasks/car.jpg?download=true"
image = Image.open(requests.get(url, stream=True).raw)

quantization_config = BitsAndBytesConfig(load_in_8bit=True)

model = PaliGemmaForConditionalGeneration.from_pretrained(
    model_id, quantization_config=quantization_config
).eval()
processor = AutoProcessor.from_pretrained(model_id)

# Instruct the model to create a caption in Spanish
prompt = "caption es"
model_inputs = processor(text=prompt, images=image, return_tensors="pt").to(model.device)
input_len = model_inputs["input_ids"].shape[-1]

with torch.inference_mode():
    generation = model.generate(**model_inputs, max_new_tokens=100, do_sample=False)
    generation = generation[0][input_len:]
    decoded = processor.decode(generation, skip_special_tokens=True)
    print(decoded)

🔧 Technical Details

Hardware

PaliGemma was trained using the latest generation of Tensor Processing Unit (TPU) hardware (TPUv5e).

Software

Training was done using JAX, Flax, TFDS and big_vision.

JAX allows researchers to take advantage of the latest generation of hardware, including TPUs, for faster and more efficient training of large models.

TFDS is used to access datasets and Flax is used for model architecture. The PaliGemma fine - tune code and inference code are released in the big_vision GitHub repository.

📚 Documentation

Benchmark results

In order to verify the transferability of PaliGemma to a wide variety of academic tasks, we fine - tune the pretrained models on each task. Additionally we train the mix model with a mixture of the transfer tasks. We report results on different resolutions to provide an impression of which tasks benefit from increased resolution. Importantly, none of these tasks or datasets are part of the pretraining data mixture, and their images are explicitly removed from the web - scale pre - training data.

Mix model (fine - tune on mixture of transfer tasks)

Single task (fine - tune on single task)

📄 License

The license for this model is gemma.

⚠️ Important Note

To access PaliGemma on Hugging Face, you’re required to review and agree to Google’s usage license. To do this, please ensure you’re logged - in to Hugging Face and click below. Requests are processed immediately.

💡 Usage Tip

Click the "Acknowledge license" button to access PaliGemma on Hugging Face.